five/hbrt/ops_arith.go

// Copyright (c) 2026 Charles KWON OhJun (charleskwonohjun@gmail.com)
// All rights reserved.

// Arithmetic operations for the Five runtime.
// Implements Harbour-compatible type promotion, overflow detection,
// and decimal precision propagation rules.
//
// See docs/harbour-type-system-analysis.md Section 5 for details.
package hbrt

import "math"

// Plus pops two values, pushes their sum.
// Harbour: hb_vmPlus (hvm.c:3285)
//
// Type rules:
//   NumInt + NumInt  -> NumInt (overflow -> Double)
//   Numeric + Numeric -> Double
//   String + String  -> String (concatenation)
//   Date + Numeric   -> Date
//   Timestamp + Numeric -> Timestamp
func (t *Thread) Plus() {
	b := t.pop()
	a := t.pop()

	// Fast path: Int + Int
	if a.IsNumInt() && b.IsNumInt() {
		an, bn := a.AsNumInt(), b.AsNumInt()
		r := an + bn
		// Overflow detection (Harbour pattern)
		if (bn >= 0 && r >= an) || (bn < 0 && r < an) {
			t.push(MakeNumInt(r))
		} else {
			t.push(MakeDoubleAuto(float64(an) + float64(bn)))
		}
		return
	}

	// Numeric + Numeric -> Double
	if a.IsNumeric() && b.IsNumeric() {
		ad, bd := a.AsNumDouble(), b.AsNumDouble()
		dec := maxDec(a.Decimal(), b.Decimal())
		t.push(MakeDouble(ad+bd, 255, dec))
		return
	}

	// String + String -> concatenation
	if a.IsString() && b.IsString() {
		t.push(MakeString(a.AsString() + b.AsString()))
		return
	}

	// Date + NumInt -> Date (add days)
	if a.IsDate() && b.IsNumInt() {
		t.push(MakeDate(a.AsJulian() + b.AsNumInt()))
		return
	}
	if a.IsNumInt() && b.IsDate() {
		t.push(MakeDate(a.AsNumInt() + b.AsJulian()))
		return
	}

	// Timestamp + Numeric -> Timestamp
	if a.IsTimestamp() && b.IsNumeric() {
		days := int64(b.AsNumDouble())
		frac := b.AsNumDouble() - float64(days)
		ms := int32(frac * 86400000.0)
		newJulian := a.AsJulian() + days
		newTime := a.AsTimeMs() + ms
		if newTime >= 86400000 {
			newJulian++
			newTime -= 86400000
		} else if newTime < 0 {
			newJulian--
			newTime += 86400000
		}
		t.push(MakeTimestamp(newJulian, newTime))
		return
	}

	panic(t.argError("+", a, b))
}

// Minus pops two values, pushes their difference.
// Harbour: hb_vmMinus (hvm.c:3401)
func (t *Thread) Minus() {
	b := t.pop()
	a := t.pop()

	// Fast path: Int - Int
	if a.IsNumInt() && b.IsNumInt() {
		an, bn := a.AsNumInt(), b.AsNumInt()
		r := an - bn
		if (bn <= 0 && r >= an) || (bn > 0 && r < an) {
			t.push(MakeNumInt(r))
		} else {
			t.push(MakeDoubleAuto(float64(an) - float64(bn)))
		}
		return
	}

	// Numeric - Numeric -> Double
	if a.IsNumeric() && b.IsNumeric() {
		ad, bd := a.AsNumDouble(), b.AsNumDouble()
		dec := maxDec(a.Decimal(), b.Decimal())
		t.push(MakeDouble(ad-bd, 255, dec))
		return
	}

	// Date - Date -> Long (difference in days)
	if a.IsDate() && b.IsDate() {
		t.push(MakeLong(a.AsJulian() - b.AsJulian()))
		return
	}

	// Date - NumInt -> Date
	if a.IsDate() && b.IsNumInt() {
		t.push(MakeDate(a.AsJulian() - b.AsNumInt()))
		return
	}

	// Timestamp - Timestamp -> Double or Long
	if a.IsTimestamp() && b.IsTimestamp() {
		dayDiff := a.AsJulian() - b.AsJulian()
		timeDiff := a.AsTimeMs() - b.AsTimeMs()
		if timeDiff != 0 {
			t.push(MakeDoubleAuto(float64(dayDiff) + float64(timeDiff)/86400000.0))
		} else {
			t.push(MakeLong(dayDiff))
		}
		return
	}

	panic(t.argError("-", a, b))
}

// Mult pops two values, pushes their product.
// Harbour: hb_vmMult (hvm.c:3510)
// Decimal rule: dec = dec1 + dec2
func (t *Thread) Mult() {
	b := t.pop()
	a := t.pop()

	if a.IsNumInt() && b.IsNumInt() {
		an, bn := a.AsNumInt(), b.AsNumInt()
		if an == 0 || bn == 0 {
			t.push(MakeNumInt(0))
			return
		}
		r := an * bn
		if r/an == bn {
			t.push(MakeNumInt(r))
		} else {
			t.push(MakeDoubleAuto(float64(an) * float64(bn)))
		}
		return
	}

	if a.IsNumeric() && b.IsNumeric() {
		ad, bd := a.AsNumDouble(), b.AsNumDouble()
		dec := a.Decimal() + b.Decimal()
		if dec > 255 {
			dec = 255
		}
		t.push(MakeDouble(ad*bd, 255, dec))
		return
	}

	panic(t.argError("*", a, b))
}

// Divide pops two values, pushes the quotient.
// Harbour: hb_vmDivide (hvm.c:3546)
// Always returns Double. Division by zero -> runtime error.
func (t *Thread) Divide() {
	b := t.pop()
	a := t.pop()

	if a.IsNumeric() && b.IsNumeric() {
		bd := b.AsNumDouble()
		if bd == 0 {
			panic(t.divisionByZero())
		}
		ad := a.AsNumDouble()
		t.push(MakeDoubleAuto(ad / bd))
		return
	}

	panic(t.argError("/", a, b))
}

// Modulus pops two values, pushes the remainder.
// Harbour: hb_vmModulus (hvm.c:3608)
// Always returns Double.
func (t *Thread) Modulus() {
	b := t.pop()
	a := t.pop()

	if a.IsNumeric() && b.IsNumeric() {
		bd := b.AsNumDouble()
		if bd == 0 {
			panic(t.divisionByZero())
		}
		ad := a.AsNumDouble()
		t.push(MakeDoubleAuto(math.Mod(ad, bd)))
		return
	}

	panic(t.argError("%", a, b))
}

// Power pops two values, pushes base^exponent.
// Harbour: hb_vmPower
// Always returns Double.
func (t *Thread) Power() {
	b := t.pop()
	a := t.pop()

	if a.IsNumeric() && b.IsNumeric() {
		ad, bd := a.AsNumDouble(), b.AsNumDouble()
		t.push(MakeDoubleAuto(math.Pow(ad, bd)))
		return
	}

	panic(t.argError("**", a, b))
}

// Negate negates the top of stack.
// Harbour: hb_vmNegate
func (t *Thread) Negate() {
	a := t.pop()

	if a.IsNumInt() {
		t.push(MakeNumInt(-a.AsNumInt()))
		return
	}
	if a.IsDouble() {
		t.push(MakeDouble(-a.AsDouble(), a.Length(), a.Decimal()))
		return
	}

	panic(t.argError("negate", a))
}

// Inc increments the top of stack by 1.
// Harbour: hb_vmInc
func (t *Thread) Inc() {
	a := t.pop()
	if a.IsNumInt() {
		t.push(MakeNumInt(a.AsNumInt() + 1))
		return
	}
	if a.IsDouble() {
		t.push(MakeDouble(a.AsDouble()+1, a.Length(), a.Decimal()))
		return
	}
	panic(t.argError("++", a))
}

// Dec decrements the top of stack by 1.
// Harbour: hb_vmDec
func (t *Thread) Dec() {
	a := t.pop()
	if a.IsNumInt() {
		t.push(MakeNumInt(a.AsNumInt() - 1))
		return
	}
	if a.IsDouble() {
		t.push(MakeDouble(a.AsDouble()-1, a.Length(), a.Decimal()))
		return
	}
	panic(t.argError("--", a))
}

// --- Optimized operations (used by generated code) ---

// AddInt adds an integer constant to the top of stack.
// Harbour: hb_xvmAddInt
func (t *Thread) AddInt(n int64) {
	a := t.pop()
	if a.IsNumInt() {
		an := a.AsNumInt()
		r := an + n
		if (n >= 0 && r >= an) || (n < 0 && r < an) {
			t.push(MakeNumInt(r))
		} else {
			t.push(MakeDoubleAuto(float64(an) + float64(n)))
		}
		return
	}
	if a.IsDouble() {
		t.push(MakeDouble(a.AsDouble()+float64(n), a.Length(), a.Decimal()))
		return
	}
	if a.IsDate() {
		t.push(MakeDate(a.AsJulian() + n))
		return
	}
	panic(t.argError("+int", a))
}

// LocalAdd adds the top of stack to a local variable, pops the value. Byref-aware.
// Harbour: hb_xvmLocalAdd
func (t *Thread) LocalAdd(n int) {
	val := t.pop()
	idx := t.localIndex(n)
	loc := t.locals[idx]
	isRef := loc.Type() == tByref
	if isRef {
		loc = (*HbRefCell)(loc.ptr).V
	}

	var result Value
	if loc.IsNumInt() && val.IsNumInt() {
		r := loc.AsNumInt() + val.AsNumInt()
		if (val.AsNumInt() >= 0 && r >= loc.AsNumInt()) || (val.AsNumInt() < 0 && r < loc.AsNumInt()) {
			result = MakeNumInt(r)
		} else {
			result = MakeDoubleAuto(float64(loc.AsNumInt()) + float64(val.AsNumInt()))
		}
	} else if loc.IsNumeric() && val.IsNumeric() {
		dec := maxDec(loc.Decimal(), val.Decimal())
		result = MakeDouble(loc.AsNumDouble()+val.AsNumDouble(), 255, dec)
	} else if loc.IsString() && val.IsString() {
		result = MakeString(loc.AsString() + val.AsString())
	} else {
		panic(t.argError("+=", loc, val))
	}

	if isRef {
		(*HbRefCell)(t.locals[idx].ptr).V = result
	} else {
		t.locals[idx] = result
	}
}

// LocalAddInt adds an integer constant directly to a local variable. Byref-aware.
// Harbour: hb_xvmLocalAddInt (fused PUSHINT + PLUS + POPLOCAL)
func (t *Thread) LocalAddInt(n int, val int64) {
	idx := t.curFrame.localBase + n - 1 // inline index
	loc := t.locals[idx]
	isRef := loc.Type() == tByref
	if isRef {
		loc = (*HbRefCell)(loc.ptr).V
	}

	var result Value
	if loc.IsNumInt() {
		r := loc.AsNumInt() + val
		if (val >= 0 && r >= loc.AsNumInt()) || (val < 0 && r < loc.AsNumInt()) {
			result = MakeNumInt(r)
		} else {
			result = MakeDoubleAuto(float64(loc.AsNumInt()) + float64(val))
		}
	} else if loc.IsDouble() {
		result = MakeDouble(loc.AsDouble()+float64(val), loc.Length(), loc.Decimal())
	} else if loc.IsDate() {
		result = MakeDate(loc.AsJulian() + val)
	} else {
		panic(t.argError("+int", loc))
	}

	if isRef {
		(*HbRefCell)(t.locals[idx].ptr).V = result
	} else {
		t.locals[idx] = result
	}
}

// --- Helpers ---

func maxDec(a, b uint16) uint16 {
	if a == 255 || b == 255 {
		return 255 // HB_DEFAULT_DECIMALS
	}
	if a > b {
		return a
	}
	return b
}

func (t *Thread) divisionByZero() *HbError {
	return &HbError{
		Description: "division by zero",
		Operation:   "/",
		SubSystem:   "BASE",
		GenCode:     1340, // EG_ZERODIV
	}
}