* contrib/hbgf/hbgfwin/winapi.c
* Formatting.
* contrib/hbwin/win_misc.c
! Fixed WIN_SHELLEXECUTE() for WinCE (converted to stub).
! Fixed WIN_RUNDETACHED() to compile with WinCE (4th parameter
is ignored and fixed to CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE).
* contrib/hbwin/win_regc.c
! HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG disabled for WinCE builds.
* source/rtl/gtwvt/gtwvt.c
! Complete "layered" window support disabled for WinCE builds.
* source/rtl/achoice.prg
* tests/ac_test2.prg
! ACHOICE() made more Clipper compatible. Still not fully, pls
continue Clipper/Harbour tests with updated ac_test2.prg.
* harbour/source/rtl/gttrm/gttrm.c
+ added some missing xterm key sequences
* harbour/utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
! fixed curses name in SunOS builds (here we are using native curses
library not ncurses)
* harbour/config/hpux/global.cf
* harbour/config/sunos/global.cf
* enabled GTXWC disabled for default builds
* contrib/hbtpathy/telepath.prg
! Fixed to use __PLATFORM__UNIX instead of __PLATFORM__LINUX.
! Fixed to check for string lengths instead of using Empty().
This way full whitespace data is also handled now.
* source/rtl/memoedit.prg
* Minor formatting.
* source/rtl/achoice.prg
! Fixed to always dehilight active item on exit.
(probably could be done more efficiently, feel free to
optimize it.)
Please test.
; TOFIX: ? gttrm on Darwin changes console color from my
default green, to Harbour default gray on exit.
* doc/whatsnew.txt
* Minor.
* source/rtl/achoice.prg
! Fixed handling of empty items.
* INSTALL
* config/rules.cf
* config/darwin/gcc.cf
* config/hpux/gcc.cf
* config/dos/djgpp.cf
* config/win/mingwce.cf
* config/win/poccce.cf
* config/win/pocc64.cf
* config/win/icc.cf
* config/win/cygwin.cf
* config/win/msvc.cf
* config/win/owatcom.cf
* config/win/xcc.cf
* config/win/msvcce.cf
* config/win/mingw.cf
* config/win/pocc.cf
* config/win/bcc.cf
* config/linux/gcc.cf
* config/linux/icc.cf
* config/os2/gcc.cf
* config/sunos/gcc.cf
* config/bsd/gcc.cf
+ Added support HB_BUILD_DEBUG=yes.
This will work identically to the former non-GNU make
systems.
! Added missing -MT for MSVC. (from non-GNU make)
* Changed a few CPPFLAGS to CFLAGS. (these are currently
synonyms, and both are utilized without any apparent order).
This could use more cleanup.
* harbour/source/common/hbgete.c
* disabled unsetenv() from Watcom builds - looks that this function
exists only in OpenWatcom header files.
* harbour/source/common/hbprintf.c
* do not use some FL functions which operates on long double values
in SunOS builds
* harbour/source/common/hbgete.c
! fixed setenv() usage in some OpenWatcom ports
* harbour/source/compiler/cmdcheck.c
! fixed casting for C++ compilation
* harbour/source/rtl/gttrm/gttrm.c
* removed some trailing spaces
* ChangeLog
* Updates.
* contrib/xhb/txml.prg
* Update HB_REGEXMATCH() calls, to keep old logic.
; TOFIX: Above doesn't mean it's now correct, so
someone familiar with this code, please
correct it.
* contrib/hbapollo/apollo.c
* Removed essentially empty comments.
* source/rtl/achoice.prg
! Applied fix from Vladislav Lavrecky.
I didn't test it just assumed okay, please do so.
* source/rtl/hbregex.c
* Fixed HB_REGEXMATCH(). Now the HAS/LIKE mode can be controlled
by 5th logical parameter (was 3rd), so 3rd parameter is solely
controlling case-sensitivity as indicated in the documentation.
Users are recommended to use HB_REGEXHAS() and HB_REGEXLIKE()
functions as unambiguous alternatives, which work equally
well on all Harbour versions. HB_REGEXMATCH() is now deprecated,
but kept for compatibility.
* harbour/source/compiler/hbusage.c
! fixed the /u+ description - it does not work like #include.
Only preprocessor command are significant in files included
by -u<file> and -u+<file>
* harbour/doc/man/harbour.1
+ add -u+<file> description
* harbour/source/pp/ppcore.c
! fixed typo in error message table (missing ',')
* harbour/source/compiler/cmdcheck.c
* generate error when -u+ is used without <file>
* harbour/source/compiler/hbmain.c
* do not display usage screen if other errors were generated before
* source/compiler/hbusage.c
+ Added -u+ to help screen.
* One remaining non-ASCII char cleaned from credit list.
* include/hbpp.h
* source/pp/ppcore.c
! Renamed HB_PP_MAX_REPATS to HB_PP_MAX_REPEATS.
* ChangeLog
* Added one line to my prev entry.
* harbour/include/hbcompdf.h
* harbour/source/compiler/cmdcheck.c
* harbour/source/compiler/hbcomp.c
* harbour/source/compiler/ppcomp.c
+ added support for extended definition files in Harbour compiler
switches: -u+<file>
This option can be repeated if user wants to use more then one
file with extended definitions. The definitions are added after
standard ones and after defines specified by -D<name>[=<value>]
Harbour compiler switch.
The behavior of -u[<file>] remains unchanged and -u or -u<file>
can can be used together with -u+<file>.
Note for xHarbour users: it's not exactly the same behavior as
in xHarbour compiler.
! fixed memory leak when repeated -u[<file>] options are used.
* harbour/include/hbpp.h
! changed the NOT operator precedence - it should be bigger then
logical .and./.or. operators in #if expressions
* harbour/source/vm/thread.c
! fixed typo HB_OS_WIM -> HB_OS_WIN - thanks to Francesco.
* harbour/include/hbthread.h
* harbour/source/vm/thread.c
* emulate POSIX thread conditional variables in Windows builds.
It should fix some possible bad behavior in MS-Windows Harbour
MT programs.
* harbour/source/rtl/hbinet.c
! fixed typo in HB_INETDATAREADY() - the second parameter (timeout)
was ignored.
* harbour/contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpdc.c
* fixed typo in conditional iMsec usage.
* harbour/contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpd.prg
* set default timeout for socket operations to 3 sec.
* use timeout parameter in HB_INETDATAREADY() and
increased default timeout for accept to 250 millisecs.
Please correct this modification if you prefer different values.
* harbour/source/common/hbgete.c
* added suport for BSD systems
* harbour/contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpd.prg
! fixed private declaration - after last modification they were not
declared for threads at all
! fixed close procedure, s_aRunningThreads and s_aServiceThreads
where not protected at all in the moment when these variables
variables where used inside aeval() and other threads were
resizing them removing their pointers. In short word it was
in practice impossible to cleanly close uhttpd server without
GPF, deadlock or other bad side effects. I changed this code so
these arrays are modified only by calling procedure.
I do not know why it was written in such way but I guess it
was workaround for xHarbour bugs. In xHarbour is race condition
inside some functions like ThreadJoin() (RTE if thread finished
just before ThreadJoin(<pThID>)). Harbour does not have such
problems so I simply cleaned this code making it much simpler.
* reactivated hb_gcAll( .T. ) in the main loop for tests.
I made some tests with linux and current uhttpd works perfectly
without any problems with and without hb_gcAll( .t. ).
I haven't noticed any problems. I used this scripts to make
tests:
#!/bin/sh
function GT_UHTTPD()
{
while curl http://127.0.0.1:8082/ > /dev/null
do
if ! curl http://127.0.0.1:8082/serverstatus > /dev/null
then
exit
fi
# disable it if you want to increase traffic
if ! curl http://127.0.0.1:8082/info > /dev/null
then
exit
fi
if [ -f stop ]
then
exit
fi
done
}
for i in `seq 10`
do
GT_UHTTPD &>/dev/null &
done
wait
on three CPU machine. Please make some test with other systems.
* harbour/source/vm/classes.c
* forbid some usage of __clsModMsg() and unblock some others
It should make some xHarbour users using OVERRIDE METHOD happy
but please remember it's still undocumented and unsupported
functionality - use for your own risk.
* harbour/source/rdd/usrrdd/usrrdd.c
! removed unnecessary declaration
* harbour/source/compiler/harbour.yyc
! removed unnecessary ";"
* harbour/source/vm/classes.c
* harbour/source/compiler/hbpcode.c
* pacified some warnings for compilers which can detect that
hb_errInternal() does not returns
* harbour/source/rtl/hbgtcore.c
* harbour/source/rdd/dbfntx/dbfntx1.c
* harbour/source/rdd/dbfnsx/dbfnsx1.c
* harbour/source/rdd/dbfcdx/dbfcdx1.c
* harbour/source/rdd/dbffpt/dbffpt1.c
* harbour/contrib/rddads/adsx.c
* marked all places where we put some link time bindings after
hb_errInternal() as: /* not executed, only to force linking ... */
* utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
! Fixed -gh switch detection and workings.
(Francesco, pls check now allmod.hbm)
+ -gt switch can now be filtered. (-gtwin{win})
! -gui switch won't anymore add '-Wl,-mwindows' C compiler switch
on *nix systems. Someone pls confirm this is right.
* icc will use -vc postfixed .dlls. They seem to be binary
compatible, but I didn't test.
% Using __PLATFORM__UNIX macro where applicable.
! Ignoring -o Harbour option passed using '-prgflag:'
* INSTALL
+ Added some details.
* mpkg_win.bat
! Don't create install files if the make process returned
with error.
* source/lang/msg_tpl.c
! Removed ending ';'.
* source/vm/Makefile
+ Added icc to generate maindllh.lib.
* source/common/hbfsapi.c
! Removed obsolete 'extern hb_fhnd_ForceLink()'.
* config/rules.cf
* config/lib.cf
* config/bin.cf
% Compiling all .prg files with -n1 switch.
* contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpdc.c
* Cleaned Windows headers usage.
#define HB_OS_WIN_USED is safe to use on all platforms,
it just requests the Windows headers, and if compiled on
Windows, it will #include them.
* contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpd.prg
+ Automatically sets USE_HB_INET on non-Windows platforms.
- contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpd-inet.hbm
- contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpdgd-inet.hbm
- Removed files no longer necessary.
* contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpd.hbm
+ Added comment about -DUSE_HB_INET option.
% Removed -lhbct
* harbour/include/hbapi.h
* harbour/include/hbwince.h
* harbour/source/common/hbgete.c
* harbour/source/common/hbwince.c
+ added BOOL hb_setenv( const char * szName, const char * szValue )
It sets or deletes (szValue==NULL) environment variable.
Please add support for other compilers/OS-es or define
unsupported platforms to eliminate TODO warning.
For sure OS2 version have to be updated.
* harbour/source/rtl/gete.c
+ added .prg function:
HB_SETENV( <cEnvName>, [<cNewVal>] [, <lOsCP>] ) -> <lOK>
which sets or deletes (when <cNewVal> is NIL) process environment
variable <cEnvName>. <lOsCP> controls character translation to
OS encoding. By default is enabled.
TOFIX: <cEnvName> OS character encoding is missing in [HB_]_GETENV()
* harbour/source/common/hbprintf.c
* do not use modfl() in WinCE POCC builds. If MSVC also does not
support if in WinCE builds then please change the condition to
global HB_OS_WIN_CE
* harbour/include/hbdefs.h
* harbour/source/vm/hvm.c
* respect HB_START_PROCEDURE in all builds if such public
function/procedure exists.
Now whole Harbour code can be compiled with -n1 in all builds.
Warning for Windows/DOS users:
if you have main() function in your .prg code then it will be
automatically detected as application startup entry just like
in other systems.
Otherwise the 1-st linked function will be used like so far.
+ added HB_START_PROC_STRICT macro which causes that HVM ignores
HB_FS_FIRST attribute. Before this modification HB_START_PROCEDURE
has such meaning.
* harbour/source/vm/memvars.c
! added protection against pushing new private variable on HVM stack
if such private variable is already created by the same function.
Clipper also has such protection. This code illustrates it:
proc main()
memvar var1, var2, var3
private var1 := "a", var2 := "b", var3 := "c"
? var1, var2, var3
private var1 := "A", var2, var3 := "C"
? var1, var2, var3
private var1 := NIL, var2, var3
? var1, var2, var3
return
compare Clipper and current Harbour results with old Harbour ones or
with xHarbour results.
* source/compiler/ppcomp.c
! #pragma -k? options are now case-insensitive like all
other Harbour options.
This completes this change:
2008-08-06 22:18 UTC+0200 Viktor Szakats (harbour.01 syenar hu)
* INSTALL
* HB_INC_OPENSSL sample corrected to point to real-life header dir.
+ Added cygwin compiler. gcc temply removed from doc list.
% Removed unnecessary -n hbmk2 switches.
+ Added cygwin section.
* utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
+ Don't add gtnul as a real library.
Please test, I've never used GTNUL.
+ Added support for cygwin compiler value.
(works the same as current 'win/gcc' combination)
! Typo in rare error messages.
! Removed -no-cygwin option from cygwin gcc command line.
* source/common/hbprintf.c
* contrib/hbssl/sslrand.c
! Fixed to compile with cygwin.
; TOFIX:
when running hbtest.exe:
Error DBFNTX/1011 Write error: _hbtmp_.dbf
Called from DBCREATE(0)
Called from TEST_BEGIN(0)
Called from MAIN(0)
* make_gnu.sh
+ Added cygwin detection.
* config/win/gcc.cf
+ config/win/cygwin.cf
+ Added separate cygwin make config.
gcc is now just a map to cygwin.
* INSTALL
+ Extended 'HOW TO ENABLE OPTIONAL COMPONENTS BEFORE BUILD'
section a bit. (HB_DIR_* stuff still not included as it's
early to document it yet, refer to the ChangeLog for info
on it).
* bin/hbmk.bat
- Removed -n switch.
+ mpkg_win.bat
+ Added Windows installer creator script.
; TODO: Move all mpkg_*.* and related files to new /package dir.
* mpkg_win.nsi
+ Changed to use HB_*_INSTALL envvars for source file locations.
! Fixed to exclude .tds files.
+ Will now will include version number, architecture and compiler
in installer .exe name.
+ Default install destination will now include compiler name.
* source/compiler/hbmain.c
* source/compiler/cmdcheck.c
* source/compiler/gencobj.c
* source/compiler/hbusage.c
+ Marked -go option as HB_LEGACY_LEVEL2. Deprecated text
shown on help screen.
* utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
! Fixed entry func autodetection problem with gcc when
source file is passed without .prg extension.
Reported by Maurilio.
* harbour/source/rtl/hbproces.c
* check if some define constants exists before use - it should
fix compilation in some WinCE builds, f.e. with MSVC
* harbour/source/common/hbprintf.c
* disabled _LIB_VERSION setting in DJGPP builds - if we need it
for some reasons then it should be done in different which does
not create multiple instances of this variable
* harbour/source/vm/Makefile
! fixed compilation with C compilers which does not support MT mode
(HB_MT=no) - it's seldom situation but may exists on some platforms,
f.e. in *nixes when PTHREADS is not available
* harbour/config/win/bcc.cf
! fixed compilation in SHELL environment
(if exists ... del ... is COMMAND.COM/CMD.EXE only command)
* harbour/source/rtl/hbstrfmt.c
! casting for C++ compilation
* harbour/contrib/xhb/dbf2txt.c
! casting for C++ compilation
! fixed two bad bugs which can cause GPF or some other bad results
I'd seen after short check. I haven't analyzed this code carefully
for others.
* harbour/bin/postinst.sh
! fixed hb*-mkslib link in cross builds (MinGW/MinGWCE)
* harbour/include/hbcomp.h
* harbour/include/hbcompdf.h
* harbour/include/hbexpra.c
* harbour/source/compiler/hbmain.c
* harbour/source/compiler/cmdcheck.c
* harbour/source/compiler/hbcomp.c
* harbour/source/compiler/genc.c
* harbour/source/compiler/harbour.yyc
* harbour/source/compiler/harbour.y
* harbour/source/compiler/harbour.yyh
* harbour/source/compiler/ppcomp.c
* harbour/source/compiler/hbdbginf.c
* harbour/source/compiler/genhrb.c
* harbour/source/compiler/hbusage.c
! fixed static variables indexes in the generated PCODE when static
variables are declared inside extended codeblocks - in some cases
wrong PCODE was generated
! fixed initialization PCODE for thread static variables declared
inside extended codeblocks
! fixed modulename generated for debugger to always contain function name
part for extended codeblock declared as file wide static variables.
In such case "(_INITSTATICS)" is used as function name.
Without it debugger does not register entering such codeblocks and
GPFs.
+ added support for automatic adding 1-st function with the same name
as compiled .prg file if some code statements are used before 1-st
function/procedure declared explicitly in .prg file. Such mode can
be enabled by -n2 new harbour compiler switch.
* source/rtl/Makefile
* include/hbextern.ch
+ source/rtl/hbstrfmt.c
+ Added HB_STRFORMAT() sprintf()-like formatting.
+ Added hb_StrFormat() C level function.
; Work of Mindaugas sent to the list, with some minor
cleanups applied. Please test on your platform/compiler.
* contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpd.prg
* contrib/examples/uhttpd/cgifunc.prg
* contrib/examples/uhttpd/session.prg
* contrib/examples/uhttpd/uhttpd.hbm
* xhb compatibility cleanups.
- xhb lib and header dependency removed.
* utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
* Changed so that libs won't inherit their .hbm file paths.
+ Embedded .hbm files will inherit their parents dir.
* INSTALL
* Updates.
* source/vm/Makefile
- Removed sensing HB_MT value and building pure MT version
of Harbour. This is to avoid yet another unnecessary
variation of Harbour builds. For MT, just simply hbvmmt lib
should be linked.
* INSTALL
* make_b32.bat
* doc/gmake.txt
* bin/postinst.bat
* bin/hb-mkdyn.bat
* make_gnu.bat
* contrib/hbfimage/readme.txt
* contrib/examples/uhttpd/modules/bldhrb.bat
* source/vm/Makefile
* source/rtl/console.c
* source/compiler/gencobj.c
* utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
* utils/hbmk2/examples/winapi.hbp
- config/win/bcc32.cf
+ config/win/bcc.cf
* Long time TODO done: Renamed bcc32 compiler name to bcc.
bcc32 is still accepted by make_gnu.bat, but will be
removed in the future, so it's recommended to update
your local settings to use:
set HB_COMPILER=bcc
- config/dos/bcc16.cf
- Deleted bcc16 compiler support. I didn't work since ages,
and Harbour doesn't support 16-bit compilers anyway.
* harbour/include/hbapi.h
* harbour/include/hbstack.h
* harbour/source/vm/hvm.c
* harbour/source/vm/estack.c
* harbour/source/vm/memvars.c
! fixed __M[V]CLEAR()/ __M[V]RESTORE() to be exactly Clipper compatible
and do not release PUBLIC GetList value. Here it's small example
which illustrates current behavior and exploits bug in previous
version:
memvar getlist
proc main()
getlist:="public:getlist"
? getlist
private getlist:="private:getlist"
? getlist
CLEAR MEMORY
? getlist
return
* harbour/source/compiler/gencc.c
+ added Harbour exception to the license - it's mine code with
few lines added/modified by Ryszard and Viktor. I hope they do
not have anything against.
* harbour/source/compiler/hbmain.c
* harbour/source/compiler/hbident.c
* minor formatting
* utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
+ Now all dirs of input files referred to through .hbm
make files will be adjusted with the .hbm path as passed
on the command line. This allows to use .hbm files without
switching to their host dirs:
'hbmk2 examples/hello/hello.hbm'
(internal logic also allows to display error messages
pointing to the exact location where the error
was detected)
+ Added simple macro substitution engine. Not used yet.
% Minor optimizations.
* bin/hb-mkdyn.bat
* source/vm/Makefile
* utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
+ config/win/msvcia64.cf
+ Added support for IA64 architecure with MSVC.
(actual compilation untested as it needs MSVC Team System)
* bin/hb-mkdyn.bat
% Now using .hbm files.
* bin/hb-mkdyn.bat
* Cleaned tool outputs.
+ Added hbmaindllh lib to included liblist.
(dunno what this serves, but we had it in non-GNU make)
Do we need this at all?
+ Added support for msvc64 dll name.
* Some tweak to owatcom, but it's just guessing, it still
doesn't work.
+ Added generating hbrun-dll executable.
* source/vm/hvm.c
* source/vm/mainstd.c
* Random tweak for owatcom/win dll support without success.
Best result so far is:
"Unrecoverable error 9012: Can't locate the starting procedure: 'MAIN'"
* source/vm/Makefile
+ Added mainddllp generation for msvc, msvc64, bcc32, owatcom.
* source/vm/maindllp.c
+ Added msvc64 and msvcia64 .dll names.
* source/vm/extrap.c
* Minor tweak to use alternate (documented) CPU detection macro.
* utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
+ Added msvc64 .dll name.
* Removed automatic addition of hbcommon lib for shared
mode for win compilers.
* utils/hbtest/hbtest.hbm
* utils/hbrun/hbrun.hbm
+ Added make files.
* harbour/source/rtl/gtwvt/gtwvt.h
* harbour/source/rtl/gtwvt/gtwvt.c
+ added support to set codepage for box drawing characters using
HB_GTI_BOXCP as numeric value just like in HB_GTI_CODEPAGE for
non UNICODE builds. In Windows CP encoding has even higher priority
then font name so such functionality is necessary for users who
have to keep normal and box font synced
% do not allocate separate font handle for BOX drawing characters
when they have the same encoding as normal characters
! keep box and normal font handles synced and free then on exit
! respect HB_GTI_RESIZABLE settings when new window is created
* bin/hb-mkdyn.bat
+ Moving .lib and .exp (if they are generated) files
to LIB dir.
* source/vm/maindllp.c
+ Added owatcom flavour of .dll name.
* contrib/hbwin/win_misc.c
+ Added WAPI_GETLASTERROR(), WAPI_SETLASTERROR(), WAPI_SETERRORMODE().
* utils/hbmk2/hbmk2.prg
+ Added TODO to create temp .c files in temp location.
Looks this can create a few problems (-hbcc, .ppo output
location when -p is used by user).
+ '/o' flavour of -o option is now ignored on non-*nix
systems to make sure users cannot mess up the hbmk process
flow.
* -o option modified to reset any previous explicit -o settings.
* Some minor internal renames, comments.
+ Added new hbmk.cfg / .hbp option: 'shareddef='. This can
change the default state of shared/static setting, so it
can be used by installers or user to override default
behaviour. NOTE: HB_SHARED envvar can also be used.
* Changed hbmk.cfg lookup preferences to this:
1. $HOME/.harbour
2. /etc/harbour
3. <hbmkdir>/../etc/harbour
4. <hbmkdir>/../etc
5. <hbmkdir>
(NOTE: I've deleted /etc as etc/harbour seems superior
and we already store a .def file there.
I've also deleted /usr/local/etc)
* harbour/source/vm/memvars.c
+ added support for reading FoxPro .mem files - Clipper compatibility
! fixed bug introduced in my recent modifications in .mem files writing
! fixed very old bug which disabled writing to .mem files strings
longer then 32Kb
+ harbour/config/linux/icc.cf
* harbour/config/linux/gcc.cf
* harbour/bin/hb-func.sh
* harbour/bin/postinst.sh
* harbour/source/common/hbver.c
+ added support for Intel(R) C/C++ compiler
* harbour/bin/postinst.sh
% use hb-mkdyn symlink instead of regenerating it as hb-mkslib
It will work also in DOS/Windows (MSys/DJGPP emulates ln -s ...)
* harbour/source/vm/thread.c
* removed all references to HB_THREAD_EQUAL()/HB_THREAD_SELF() in
non MT builds
* harbour/source/rtl/console.c
! fixed default color setting in hb_dispOutAtBox()
* harbour/contrib/gtwvg/wvggui.h
* harbour/contrib/gtwvg/wvgwin.c
* harbour/contrib/gtwvg/wincallb.c
* harbour/contrib/gtwvg/wvgsink.c
! fixes for C++ compilation:
- this is reserved word in C++ - do not use it as variable name
- class is reserved word in C++ - do not use it as variable name
- use macros to hide differences between C and C++ WinAPI
- casting
