96ca3fe470
* Makefile
* config/*
* contrib/*
* doc/*
* extras/*
* include/*
* lib/*
* package/*
* src/*
* tests/*
* utils/*
* removed empty lines left after removed '$' + 'Id' + '$' identifiers
336 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
336 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
/* $DOC$
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$TEMPLATE$
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Document
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$NAME$
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Compiler Options
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$CATEGORY$
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Document
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$SUBCATEGORY$
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Compiler
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$ONELINER$
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Compiler Options
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$DESCRIPTION$
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<b>Invoking the Harbour compiler: </b> </par>
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============================== </par>
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harbour <file[.prg]> [options] </par>
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or </par>
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harbour [options] <file[.prg]> </par>
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or </par>
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harbour [options] <file[.prg]> [options] </par>
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The command line options have to be separated by at least one space.
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The option can start with either '/' character or '-' character.
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<b>The Harbour command line options: </b> </par>
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================================= </par>
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/a automatic memvar declaration </par>
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================= </par>
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This causes all variables declared by PARAMETER, PRIVATE or PUBLIC
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statements to be automatically declared as MEMVAR variables.
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/b debug info </par>
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================= </par>
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The compiler generates all information required for debugging
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/build display detailed version info </par>
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================= </par>
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/credits display credits </par>
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================= </par>
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/d<id>[=<val>] #define <id> </par>
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================= </par>
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/es[<level>] set exit severity </par>
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================= </par>
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/es or /es0 - all warnings are ignored and exit code returned by
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the compiler is equal to 0 if there are no errors
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in compiled source file.
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/es1 - any warnings generate a non-zero exit code, but
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output is still created.
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/es2 - all warnings are treated as errors and no output
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file is created. The exit code is set to a non-zero
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value.
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/fn[:[l|u]|-] set filename casing (l=lower u=upper) </par>
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================= </par>
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/fd[:[l|u]|-] set directory casing (l=lower u=upper) </par>
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================= </par>
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/fp[:<char>] set path separator </par>
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================= </par>
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/fs[-] turn filename space trimming on or off (default) </par>
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================= </par>
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/g<type> output type generated is <type> </par>
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================= </par>
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/gc[<type>] output type: C source (.c) (default)
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<type>: 0=compact (default) 1=normal 2=verbose
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3=generate real C code
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/gh output type: Harbour Portable Object (.hrb)
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/gd[.<destext>] generate dependencies list into (.d) file
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/ge[<mode>] error output <mode>: 0=Clipper (default)
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1=IDE friendly
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/i<path> #include file search path </par>
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================= </par>
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/i[-|+] disable/enable support for INCLUDE envvar </par>
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================= </par>
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/j[<file>] generate i18n gettext file (.pot) </par>
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================= </par>
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/k<mode> compilation mode (type -k? for more data) </par>
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================= </par>
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/kc clear all flags (strict Clipper mode)
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/kh Harbour mode (default)
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/ko allow operator optimizations
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/ki enable support for HB_INLINE (default)
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/kr runtime settings enabled
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/ks allow indexed assignment on all types
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/kx extended Xbase++ mode (default)
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/ku strings in user encoding
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/kd accept macros with declared symbols
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/km turn off macrotext substitution
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/kj turn off jump optimization in pcode
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/k? this info
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/l suppress line number information </par>
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================= </par>
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The compiler does not generate the source code line numbers in
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the output file. The ProcLine() function will return 0 for
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modules compiled using this option.
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/m compile module only </par>
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================= </par>
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/n[<type>] no implicit starting procedure </par>
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================= </par>
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<type>: 0=no implicit starting procedure
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1=no starting procedure at all
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2=add starting procedure if necessary
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The compiler does not create a procedure with the same name as
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the compiled file. This means that any declarations placed
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before the first PROCEDURE or FUNCTION statement have file-
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wide scope and can be accessed/used in all functions/procedures
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defined in the compiled source file. All executable statements
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placed at the beginning of the file and before the first
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PROCEDURE/FUNCTION statement are ignored.
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/o<path> object file drive and/or path </par>
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================= </par>
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/p generate pre-processed output (.ppo) file </par>
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================= </par>
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The compiler only creates the file that contains the result of
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pre-processing the source file.
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/p+ generate pre-processor trace (.ppt) file </par>
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================= </par>
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/q quiet </par>
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================= </par>
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The compiler does not print any messages during compiling
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(except the copyright info).
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/q0 quiet and don't display program header
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/q2 disable all output messages
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/r[<lib>] request linker to search <lib> (or none) </par>
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================= </par>
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Currently not supported in Harbour.
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/r=<max> sets maximum number of preprocessor iterations </par>
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================= </par>
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This set the maximum number of preprocessor iterations
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during processing the source code. If this switch is not
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used then the preprocessor stops after 1024 iterations.
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This value is used to stop processing of infinite loops,
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for example:
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#command ( => (,7
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/s[m] syntax check only [minimal for dependencies list] </par>
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================= </par>
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The compiler checks the syntax only. No output file is generated.
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/t<path> path for temp file creation </par>
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================= </par>
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Currently not used in Harbour (the Harbour compiler does not
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create any temporary files).
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/u[<file>] use command def set in <file> (or none) </par>
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================= </par>
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/u+<file> add command def set from <file> </par>
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================= </par>
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/undef:<id> #undef <id> </par>
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================= </par>
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/v variables are assumed M-> </par>
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================= </par>
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All undeclared or unaliased variables are assumed MEMVAR
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variables (private or public variables). If this switch is not
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used then the scope of such variables is checked at runtime.
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/w[<level>] set warning level number (0..3, default 1) </par>
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================= </par>
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/w0 - no warnings
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/w or /w1 - CA-Cl*pper compatible warnings
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/w2 - some useful warnings missed in CA-Cl*pper
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/w3 - warnings generated for Harbour language extensions
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and also enables strong type checking but only
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warns against declared types, or types which may be
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calculated at compile time
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/x[<prefix>] set symbol init function name prefix (for .c only) </par>
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================= </par>
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Sets the prefix added to the generated symbol init function name
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(in C output currently). This function is generated
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automatically for every PRG module compiled. This additional
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prefix can be used to suppress problems with duplicated symbols
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during linking an application with some third party libraries.
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/z suppress shortcutting (.and. & .or.) </par>
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================= </par>
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Compilation in batch mode. </par>
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========================== </par>
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@<file> compile list of modules in <file> </par>
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================= </par>
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Not supported yet.
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<b>Known incompatibilities between Harbour and CA-Cl*pper compilers </b> </par>
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============================================================= </par>
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NOTE: </par>
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If you want a 100% compatible runtime libraries then you have
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to define HB_CLP_STRICT, using 'HB_USER_CFLAGS=-DHB_CLP_STRICT',
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then rebuild.
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<b>Passing an undeclared variable by the reference </b> </par>
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=============================================== </par>
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The CA-Cl*pper compiler uses the special opcode PUSHP to pass a
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reference to an undeclared variable ( '@' operator ). The type of
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passed variable is checked at runtime (field or memvar). However,
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field variables cannot be passed by reference. This means that
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CA-Cl*pper checks the memvar variable only and doesn't look for a field.
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This is the reason why the Harbour compiler uses the usual
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PUSHMEMVARREF opcode in such cases. Notice that the runtime behavior
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is the same in CA-Cl*pper and in Harbour - only the generated opcodes
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are different.
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Handling of object messages </par>
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=========================== </par>
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The HB_CLP_STRICT setting determines
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the way chained send messages are handled.
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For example, the following code:
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a:b( COUNT() ):c += 1
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will be handled as:
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a:b( COUNT() ):c := a:b( COUNT() ):c + 1
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in strict CA-Cl*pper compatibility mode and
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temp := a:b( COUNT() ), temp:c += 1
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in non-strict mode.
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In practice, CA-Cl*pper will call the COUNT() function two times:
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the first time before addition and the second one after addition.
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In Harbour, COUNT() will be called only once, before addition.
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The Harbour (non-strict) method is: </par>
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1) faster </par>
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2) it guarantees that the same instance variable of the same object
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will be changed
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(See also: src/compiler/expropt.c)
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<b>Initialization of static variables </b></par>
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================================== </par>
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There is a difference in the initialization of static
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variables that are initialized with a codeblock that refers to
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a local variable. For example:
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<fixed>
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PROCEDURE Main()
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LOCAL MyLocalVar
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STATIC s_MyStaticVar := {|| MyLocalVar }
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MyLocalVar := 0
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? Eval( s_MyStaticVar )
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RETURN
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</fixed>
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The above code compiles fine in CA-Cl*pper, but it generates a
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runtime error Error/BASE 1132 Bound error: array access
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Called form (b)STATICS$(0)
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In Harbour this code generates a compile time error:
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Error E0009 Illegal variable (b) initializer: 'MyLocalVar'
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Both CA-Cl*pper and Harbour are handling all local variables used in a
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codeblock in a special way: they are detached from the local stack
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of function/procedure where they are declared. This allows access to
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these variables after the exit from a function/procedure. However,
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all static variables are initialized in a separate procedure
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('STATICS$' in CA-Cl*pper and '(_INITSTATICS)' in Harbour) before the
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main procedure and before all INIT procedures. The local variables
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don't exist on the eval stack when static variables are initialized,
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so they cannot be detached.
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$END$
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*/
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