464 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
464 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
/*
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* $Id$
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*/
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/*
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* The following parts are Copyright of the individual authors.
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* www - http://www.harbour-project.org
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*
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* Copyright 2000 Chen Kedem <niki@actcom.co.il>
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* Documentation for: BIN2W(), BIN2I(), BIN2L(), BIN2U(), I2BIN(), W2BIN(),
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* L2BIN(), U2BIN()
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*
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* See doc/license.txt for licensing terms.
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*
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*/
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/* $DOC$
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* $FUNCNAME$
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* BIN2W()
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* $CATEGORY$
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* Binary conversion
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* $ONELINER$
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* Convert unsigned short encoded bytes into Harbour numeric
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* $SYNTAX$
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* BIN2W( <cBuffer> ) --> nNumber
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* $ARGUMENTS$
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* <cBuffer> is a character string that contain 16 bit encoded unsigned
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* short integer (least significant byte first). The first two bytes
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* are taken into account, the rest if any are ignored.
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* $RETURNS$
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* BIN2W() return numeric integer (or 0 if <cBuffer> is not a string).
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* $DESCRIPTION$
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* BIN2W() is one of the low level binary conversion functions, those
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* functions convert between Harbour numeric and a character
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* representation of numeric value. BIN2W() take two bytes of encoded
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* 16 bit unsigned short integer and convert it into standard Harbour
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* numeric value.
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* You might ask what is the need for such functions, well, first of
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* all it allow you to read/write information from/to a binary file
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* (like extracting information from DBF header), it is also a useful
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* way to share information from source other than Harbour (C for
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* instance).
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* BIN2W() is the opposite of W2BIN()
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* $EXAMPLES$
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<fixed>
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* // Show header length of a DBF
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* FUNCTION main()
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* LOCAL nHandle, cBuffer := space( 2 )
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* nHandle := fopen( "test.dbf" )
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* IF nHandle > 0
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* fseek( nHandle, 8 )
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* fread( nHandle, @cBuffer, 2 )
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* ? "Length of DBF header in bytes:", BIN2W( cBuffer )
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* fclose( nHandle )
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* ELSE
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* ? "Can not open file"
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* ENDIF
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* RETURN NIL
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</fixed>
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* $STATUS$
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* R
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* $COMPLIANCE$
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* BIN2W() works exactly like CA-Clipper's BIN2W()
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* $FILES$
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* Library is rtl
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* $SEEALSO$
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* BIN2I(),BIN2L(),BIN2U(),I2BIN(),L2BIN(),W2BIN(),WORD(),U2BIN(),FREAD()
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* $END$
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*/
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/* $DOC$
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* $FUNCNAME$
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* BIN2I()
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* $CATEGORY$
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* Binary conversion
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* $ONELINER$
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* Convert signed short encoded bytes into Harbour numeric
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* $SYNTAX$
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* BIN2I( <cBuffer> ) --> nNumber
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* $ARGUMENTS$
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* <cBuffer> is a character string that contain 16 bit encoded signed
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* short integer (least significant byte first). The first two bytes
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* are taken into account, the rest if any are ignored.
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* $RETURNS$
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* BIN2I() return numeric integer (or 0 if <cBuffer> is not a string).
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* $DESCRIPTION$
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* BIN2I() is one of the low level binary conversion functions, those
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* functions convert between Harbour numeric and a character
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* representation of numeric value. BIN2I() take two bytes of encoded
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* 16 bit signed short integer and convert it into standard Harbour
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* numeric value.
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* You might ask what is the need for such functions, well, first of
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* all it allow you to read/write information from/to a binary file
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* (like extracting information from DBF header), it is also a useful
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* way to share information from source other than Harbour (C for
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* instance).
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* BIN2I() is the opposite of I2BIN()
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* $EXAMPLES$
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<fixed>
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* // Show DBF last update date
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* FUNCTION main()
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* LOCAL nHandle, cYear, cMonth, cDay
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* nHandle := fopen( "test.dbf" )
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* IF nHandle > 0
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* fseek( nHandle, 1 )
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* cYear := cMonth := cDay := " "
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* fread( nHandle, @cYear , 1 )
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* fread( nHandle, @cMonth, 1 )
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* fread( nHandle, @cDay , 1 )
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* ? "Last update:", BIN2I( cYear ), BIN2I( cMonth ), BIN2I( cDay )
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* fclose( nHandle )
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* ELSE
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* ? "Can not open file"
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* ENDIF
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* RETURN NIL
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</fixed>
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* $STATUS$
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* R
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* $COMPLIANCE$
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* BIN2I() works exactly like CA-Clipper's BIN2I()
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* $FILES$
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* Library is rtl
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* $SEEALSO$
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* BIN2L(),BIN2U(),BIN2W(),I2BIN(),L2BIN(),W2BIN(),WORD(),U2BIN(),FREAD()
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* $END$
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*/
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/* $DOC$
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* $FUNCNAME$
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* BIN2L()
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* $CATEGORY$
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* Binary conversion
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* $ONELINER$
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* Convert signed long encoded bytes into Harbour numeric
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* $SYNTAX$
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* BIN2L( <cBuffer> ) --> nNumber
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* $ARGUMENTS$
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* <cBuffer> is a character string that contain 32 bit encoded signed
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* long integer (least significant byte first). The first four bytes
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* are taken into account, the rest if any are ignored.
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* $RETURNS$
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* BIN2L() return numeric integer (or 0 if <cBuffer> is not a string).
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* $DESCRIPTION$
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* BIN2L() is one of the low level binary conversion functions, those
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* functions convert between Harbour numeric and a character
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* representation of numeric value. BIN2L() take four bytes of encoded
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* 32 bit signed long integer and convert it into standard Harbour
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* numeric value.
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* You might ask what is the need for such functions, well, first of
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* all it allow you to read/write information from/to a binary file
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* (like extracting information from DBF header), it is also a useful
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* way to share information from source other than Harbour (C for
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* instance).
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* BIN2L() is the opposite of L2BIN()
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* $EXAMPLES$
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<fixed>
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* // Show number of records in DBF
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* FUNCTION main()
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* LOCAL nHandle, cBuffer := space( 4 )
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* nHandle := fopen( "test.dbf" )
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* IF nHandle > 0
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* fseek( nHandle, 4 )
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* fread( nHandle, @cBuffer, 4 )
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* ? "Number of records in file:", BIN2L( cBuffer )
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* fclose( nHandle )
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* ELSE
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* ? "Can not open file"
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* ENDIF
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* RETURN NIL
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</fixed>
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* $STATUS$
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* R
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* $COMPLIANCE$
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* BIN2L() works exactly like CA-Clipper's BIN2L()
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* $FILES$
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* Library is rtl
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* $SEEALSO$
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* BIN2I(),BIN2U(),BIN2W(),I2BIN(),L2BIN(),W2BIN(),WORD(),U2BIN(),FREAD()
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* $END$
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*/
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/* $DOC$
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* $FUNCNAME$
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* BIN2U()
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* $CATEGORY$
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* Binary conversion
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* $ONELINER$
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* Convert unsigned long encoded bytes into Harbour numeric
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* $SYNTAX$
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* BIN2U( <cBuffer> ) --> nNumber
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* $ARGUMENTS$
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* <cBuffer> is a character string that contain 32 bit encoded unsigned
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* long integer (least significant byte first). The first four bytes
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* are taken into account, the rest if any are ignored.
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* $RETURNS$
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* BIN2U() return numeric integer (or 0 if <cBuffer> is not a string).
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* $DESCRIPTION$
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* BIN2U() is one of the low level binary conversion functions, those
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* functions convert between Harbour numeric and a character
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* representation of numeric value. BIN2U() take four bytes of encoded
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* 32 bit unsigned long integer and convert it into standard Harbour
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* numeric value.
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* You might ask what is the need for such functions, well, first of
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* all it allow you to read/write information from/to a binary file
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* (like extracting information from DBF header), it is also a useful
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* way to share information from source other than Harbour (C for
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* instance).
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* BIN2U() is the opposite of U2BIN()
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* $EXAMPLES$
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<fixed>
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* // Show number of records in DBF
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* FUNCTION main()
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* LOCAL nHandle, cBuffer := space( 4 )
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* nHandle := fopen( "test.dbf" )
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* IF nHandle > 0
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* fseek( nHandle, 4 )
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* fread( nHandle, @cBuffer, 4 )
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* ? "Number of records in file:", BIN2U( cBuffer )
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* fclose( nHandle )
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* ELSE
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* ? "Can not open file"
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* ENDIF
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* RETURN NIL
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</fixed>
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* $STATUS$
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* R
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* $COMPLIANCE$
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* BIN2U() is an XBase++ compatibility function and does not exist
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* as a standard CA-Clipper 5.x function.
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* This function is only visible if source/rtl/binnum.c was compiled
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* with the HB_COMPAT_XPP flag.
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* $FILES$
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* Library is rtl
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* $SEEALSO$
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* BIN2I(),BIN2L(),BIN2W(),I2BIN(),L2BIN(),W2BIN(),WORD(),U2BIN(),FREAD()
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* $END$
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*/
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/* $DOC$
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* $FUNCNAME$
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* I2BIN()
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* $CATEGORY$
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* Binary conversion
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* $ONELINER$
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* Convert Harbour numeric into signed short encoded bytes
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* $SYNTAX$
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* I2BIN( <nNumber> ) --> cBuffer
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* $ARGUMENTS$
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* <nNumber> is a numeric value to convert (decimal digits are ignored).
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* $RETURNS$
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* I2BIN() return two bytes character string that contain 16 bit
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* encoded signed short integer (least significant byte first).
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* $DESCRIPTION$
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* I2BIN() is one of the low level binary conversion functions, those
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* functions convert between Harbour numeric and a character
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* representation of numeric value. I2BIN() take a numeric integer
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* value and convert it into two bytes of encoded 16 bit signed short
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* integer.
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* You might ask what is the need for such functions, well, first of
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* all it allow you to read/write information from/to a binary file
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* (like extracting information from DBF header), it is also a useful
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* way to share information from source other than Harbour (C for
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* instance).
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* I2BIN() is the opposite of BIN2I()
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* $EXAMPLES$
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<fixed>
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* // Update DBF "last update" date
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* #include "fileio.ch"
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* FUNCTION main()
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* LOCAL nHandle, cYear, cMonth, cDay
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* use test
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* ? "Original update date is:", lupdate()
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* close
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* nHandle := fopen( "test.dbf", FO_READWRITE )
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* IF nHandle > 0
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* fseek( nHandle, 1, )
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* cYear := I2BIN( 68 )
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* cMonth := I2BIN( 8 )
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* cDay := I2BIN( 1 )
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* fwrite( nHandle, cYear , 1 ) // write only the first byte
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* fwrite( nHandle, cMonth, 1 )
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* fwrite( nHandle, cDay , 1 )
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* fclose( nHandle )
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* use test
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* ? "New update date is:", lupdate()
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* close
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* ELSE
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* ? "Can not open file"
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* ENDIF
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* RETURN NIL
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</fixed>
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* $STATUS$
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* R
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* $COMPLIANCE$
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* I2BIN() works exactly like CA-Clipper's I2BIN()
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* $FILES$
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* Library is rtl
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* $SEEALSO$
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* BIN2I(),BIN2L(),BIN2U(),BIN2W(),L2BIN(),W2BIN(),WORD(),U2BIN(),FWRITE()
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* $END$
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*/
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/* $DOC$
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* $FUNCNAME$
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* W2BIN()
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* $CATEGORY$
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* Binary conversion
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* $ONELINER$
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* Convert Harbour numeric into unsigned short encoded bytes
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* $SYNTAX$
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* W2BIN( <nNumber> ) --> cBuffer
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* $ARGUMENTS$
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* <nNumber> is a numeric value to convert (decimal digits are ignored).
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* $RETURNS$
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* W2BIN() return two bytes character string that contain 16 bit
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* encoded unsigned short integer (least significant byte first).
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* $DESCRIPTION$
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* W2BIN() is one of the low level binary conversion functions, those
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* functions convert between Harbour numeric and a character
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* representation of numeric value. W2BIN() take a numeric integer
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* value and convert it into two bytes of encoded 16 bit unsigned short
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* integer.
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* You might ask what is the need for such functions, well, first of
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* all it allow you to read/write information from/to a binary file
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* (like extracting information from DBF header), it is also a useful
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* way to share information from source other than Harbour (C for
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* instance).
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* W2BIN() is the opposite of BIN2W()
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* $STATUS$
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* R
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* $COMPLIANCE$
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* W2BIN() is an XBase++ compatibility function and does not exist
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* as a standard CA-Clipper 5.x function.
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* This function is only visible if source/rtl/binnum.c was compiled
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* with the HB_COMPAT_XPP flag.
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* $FILES$
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* Library is rtl
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* $SEEALSO$
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* BIN2I(),BIN2L(),BIN2U(),BIN2W(),I2BIN(),L2BIN(),WORD(),U2BIN(),FWRITE()
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* $END$
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*/
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/* $DOC$
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* $FUNCNAME$
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* L2BIN()
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* $CATEGORY$
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* Binary conversion
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* $ONELINER$
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* Convert Harbour numeric into signed long encoded bytes
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* $SYNTAX$
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* L2BIN( <nNumber> ) --> cBuffer
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* $ARGUMENTS$
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* <nNumber> is a numeric value to convert (decimal digits are ignored).
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* $RETURNS$
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* L2BIN() return four bytes character string that contain 32 bit
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* encoded signed long integer (least significant byte first).
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* $DESCRIPTION$
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* L2BIN() is one of the low level binary conversion functions, those
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* functions convert between Harbour numeric and a character
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* representation of numeric value. L2BIN() take a numeric integer
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* value and convert it into four bytes of encoded 32 bit signed long
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* integer.
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* You might ask what is the need for such functions, well, first of
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* all it allow you to read/write information from/to a binary file
|
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* (like extracting information from DBF header), it is also a useful
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* way to share information from source other than Harbour (C for
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* instance).
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* L2BIN() is the opposite of BIN2L()
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* $STATUS$
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* R
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* $COMPLIANCE$
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* L2BIN() works exactly like CA-Clipper's L2BIN()
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* $FILES$
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* Library is rtl
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* $SEEALSO$
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* BIN2I(),BIN2L(),BIN2U(),BIN2W(),I2BIN(),W2BIN(),WORD(),U2BIN(),FWRITE()
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* $END$
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*/
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/* $DOC$
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* $FUNCNAME$
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* U2BIN()
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* $CATEGORY$
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* Binary conversion
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* $ONELINER$
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* Convert Harbour numeric into unsigned long encoded bytes
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* $SYNTAX$
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* U2BIN( <nNumber> ) --> cBuffer
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* $ARGUMENTS$
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* <nNumber> is a numeric value to convert (decimal digits are ignored).
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* $RETURNS$
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* U2BIN() return four bytes character string that contain 32 bit
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* encoded unsigned long integer (least significant byte first).
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* $DESCRIPTION$
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* U2BIN() is one of the low level binary conversion functions, those
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* functions convert between Harbour numeric and a character
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* representation of numeric value. U2BIN() take a numeric integer
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* value and convert it into four bytes of encoded 32 bit unsigned long
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* integer.
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|
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* You might ask what is the need for such functions, well, first of
|
|
* all it allow you to read/write information from/to a binary file
|
|
* (like extracting information from DBF header), it is also a useful
|
|
* way to share information from source other than Harbour (C for
|
|
* instance).
|
|
|
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* U2BIN() is the opposite of BIN2U()
|
|
* $STATUS$
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|
* R
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* $COMPLIANCE$
|
|
* U2BIN() is an XBase++ compatibility function and does not exist
|
|
* as a standard CA-Clipper 5.x function.
|
|
* This function is only visible if source/rtl/binnum.c was compiled
|
|
* with the HB_COMPAT_XPP flag.
|
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* $FILES$
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* Library is rtl
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* $SEEALSO$
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* BIN2I(),BIN2L(),BIN2U(),BIN2W(),I2BIN(),L2BIN(),W2BIN(),WORD(),FWRITE()
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* $END$
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*/
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/* $DOC$
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* $FUNCNAME$
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* WORD()
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* $CATEGORY$
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* Conversion
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* $ONELINER$
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* Converts double to integer values.
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* $SYNTAX$
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* WORD( <nDouble> ) --> <nInteger>
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* $ARGUMENTS$
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* <nDouble> is a numeric double value.
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* $RETURNS$
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* WORD() return an integer in the range +-32767
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* $DESCRIPTION$
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* This function converts double values to integers to use
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* within the CALL command
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* $STATUS$
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* R
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* $COMPLIANCE$
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* The Clipper NG states that WORD() will only work when used in CALL
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* commands parameter list, otherwise it will return NIL, in Harbour
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* it will work anywhere.
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* $FILES$
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* Library is rtl
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* $SEEALSO$
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* CALL
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* $END$
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*/
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